Remission of type 2 diabetes: a real perspective for clinical pratice
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61661/BJLM.2023.v2.84Keywords:
diabetes mellitus type 2, diabetes, obesity, lifestyle medicineAbstract
The Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is probably the biggest challenges of global public health. In United States, 4% of all Gross Domestic Product is spent with the diabetes complications. Despite the progress on studies to refrain the diabetes complications, the most effort is target for iniciatives like a search with new pharmacological oportunities and there is less interest in the cientific comunity and governments to study plausible and applicable strategies of lifestylechanges in diabetes. Even so, the publication of Diabetes Prevention Programstudy, that demonstrated the expressive reduction in the primary outcome, diagnosis of diabetes, was a Mark that starts a series of studies looking for the remission of T2D. The DiRECT study is the most strong evidence to demonstrate the remission of T2D in humans with lifestyle changes with results until 89% in patients that reduced their weight in 15% of initial. The objective of this review is present and discuss the Lifestyle Medicine as a real possibility for Diabetes Type 2 Remission.
Metrics
References
American Diabetes Association. Economic costs of diabetes in the U.S. in 2017. Diabetes Care. 2018;41(5):917-28. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa0806470 - PMID:29567642 PMCID:PMC5911784 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2337/dci18-0007
Brasil, Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Departamento de Análise em Saúde e Vigilância de Doenças Não Transmissíveis. Vigitel Brasil 2023: vigilância de fatores de risco e proteção de doenças crônicas por inquérito telefônico. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde; 2023. https://www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/centrais-de-conteudo/publicacoes/svsa/vigitel/vigitel-brasil-2023-vigilancia-de-fatores-de-risco-e-protecao-para-doencas-cronicas-por-inquerito-telefonico
UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet. 1998;352(9131):837-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(98)07019-6 - PMID:9742976 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(98)07019-6
Holman RR, Paul SK, Bethel MA, Matthews DR, Neil HA. 10-year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(15):1577-89. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa0806470 - PMID:18784090 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0806470
Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Study Group. Effects of intensive glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(24):2545-59. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa0802743 - PMID:18539917 - PMCID:PMC4551392 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0802743
Look AHEAD Research Group. Reduction in weight and cardiovascular disease risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes: one-year results of the look AHEAD trial. Diabetes Care. 2007;30(6):1374-83. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc07-0048 - PMID:17363746 - PMCID:PMC2665929 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2337/dc07-0048
Eriksson KF, Lindgarde F. Prevention of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus by diet and physical exercise: the 6-year Malmö feasibility study. Diabetologia. 1991;34(12):891-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00400196 - PMID:1778354 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00400196
Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med. 2002;346(6):393-403. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa012512 - PMID:11832527 - PMCID:PMC1370926 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa012512
Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. 10-year follow-up of diabetes incidence and weight loss in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study. Lancet. 2009;374(9702):1677-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(09)61457-4 - PMID:19878986 - PMCID:PMC3135022 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61457-4
Lim EL, Hollingsworth KG, Aribisala BS, Chen MJ, Mathers JC, Taylor R. Reversal of type 2 diabetes: normalisation of beta cell function in association with decreased pancreas and liver triacylglycerol. Diabetologia. 2011;54(10):2506-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-011-2204-7 - PMID:21656330 - PMCID:PMC3168743 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-011-2204-7
Cheng CW, Villani V, Buono R, Wei M, Kumar S, Yilmaz OH, Cohen P, Sneddon JB, Perin L, Longo VD. Fasting-mimicking diet promotes Ngn3-driven β-cell regeneration to reverse diabetes. Cell. 2017;168(5):775-788.e12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2017.01.040 - PMID:28235195 PMCID:PMC5357144 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2017.01.040
Lean ME, Leslie WS, Barnes AC, Brosnahan N, Thom G, McCombie L, Peters C, Zhyzhneuskaya S, Al-Mrabeh A, Hollingsworth KG, Rodrigues AM, Rehackova L, Adamson AJ, Sniehotta FF, Mathers JC, Ross HM, McIlvenna Y, Stefanetti R, Trenell M, Welsh P, Kean S, Ford I, McConnachie A, Sattar N, Taylor R. Primary care-led weight management for remission of type 2 diabetes (DiRECT): an open-label, cluster-randomised trial. Lancet. 2018;391(10120):541-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(17)33102-1 - PMID:29221645 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33102-1
Lean M, Brosnahan N, McLoone P, McCombie L, Higgs AB, Ross H, Mackenzie M, Grieve E, Finer N, Reckless J, Haslam D, Sloan B, Morrison D. Feasibility and indicative results from a 12-month low-energy liquid diet treatment and maintenance programme for severe obesity. Br J Gen Pract. 2013;63(607):e115-24. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp13x663073 - PMID:23561690 PMCID:PMC3553637 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp13X663073
Swinburn BA, Kraak VI, Allender S, Atkins VJ, Baker PI, Bogard JR, Brinsden H, Calvillo A, De Schutter O, Devarajan R, Ezzati M, Friel S, Goenka S, Hammond RA, Hastings G, Hawkes C, Herrero M, Hovmand PS, Howden M, Jaacks LM, Kapetanaki AB, Kasman M, Kuhnlein HV, Kumanyika SK, Larijani B, Lobstein T, Long MW, Matsudo VKR, Mills SDH, Morgan G, Morshed A, Nece PM, Pan A, Patterson DW, Sacks G, Shekar M, Simmons GL, Smit W, Tootee A, Vandevijvere S, Waterlander WE, Wolfenden L, Dietz WH. The global syndemic of obesity, undernutrition, and climate change: the Lancet commission report. Lancet. 2019;393(10173):791-846. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(18)32822-8 - PMID:30700377 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32822-8
Taylor R, Al-Mrabeh A, Sattar N. Understanding the mechanisms of reversal of type 2 diabetes. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2019;7(9):726-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-8587(19)30076-2 - PMID:31097391 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(19)30076-2
Buse JB, Caprio S, Cefalu WT, Ceriello A, Del Prato S, Inzucchi SE, McLaughlin S, Phillips GL 2nd, Robertson RP, Rubino F, Kahn R, Kirkman MS. How do we define cure of diabetes? Diabetes Care. 2009;32(11):2133-5. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc09-9036 PMID:19875608 - PMCID:PMC2768219 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2337/dc09-9036
Riddle MC, Cefalu WT, Evans PH, Gerstein HC, Nauck MA, Oh WK, Rothberg AE, le Roux CW, Rubino F, Schauer P, Taylor R, Twenefour D. Consensus report: definition and interpretation of remission in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2021;44(10):2438–44. https://doi.org/10.2337/dci21-0034 - PMID:34462270 - PMCID:PMC8929179 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2337/dci21-0034
Nagi D, Hambling C, Taylor R. Remission of type 2 diabetes: a position statement from the Association of British Clinical Diabetologists (ABCD) and the Primary Care Diabetes Society (PCDS). Br J Diabetes. 2019;19(1):73-6. https://doi.org/10.15277/bjd.2019.221 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15277/bjd.2019.221
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Bruno Albuquerque Colontoni
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Brazilian Journal of Lifestyle Medicine = Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Estilo de Vida permite que o(s) autor(es) mantenha(m) seus direitos autorais.
