Optimizing health: the role of lifestyle medicine in managing Hashimoto's thyroiditis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61661/congresso.cbmev.6.2023.73Keywords:
Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Lifestyle Medicine, stress reduction, physical activity, Sleep quality, social supportAbstract
Introduction: Hashimoto's thyroiditis is characterized by chronic autoimmune inflammation of the thyroid and affects approximately 5% of the adult population. Associated symptoms, such as fatigue, mental confusion, weight gain, edema, muscle and joint pain, depression and anxiety, significantly impact patients' quality of life. The diagnosis is confirmed by the presence of high levels of thyroid peroxidase antibodies (ANTI-TPO), which vary throughout life, and the prognosis is directly influenced by diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy. The current standard treatment involves hormone replacement with levothyroxine, measured by T4 and TSH tests. Despite treatment, patients face challenges in their health. Given the high prevalence and impact on quality of life, Lifestyle Medicine offers an innovative perspective. Focusing on physical activity, stress reduction, adequate sleep and social connections, this promising approach seeks to improve patients' prognosis and quality of life by offering multifaceted solutions for managing the condition. Objective: This research explores the adaptation of Lifestyle Medicine strategies for patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, aiming to enrich clinical practices. Methodology: This literature review analyzed Lifestyle Medicine interventions in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus to find relevant studies published in the last 10 years. After selection and critical analysis, the review highlighted the effectiveness of these interventions and identified gaps for future research. Results: Regular physical activity improved symptoms and quality of life, including cognitive and emotional benefits. Stress reduction strategies, such as Mindfulness, reduced anxiety and depression, in addition to modulating the autoimmune response. Furthermore, interventions in sleep quality also increase energy and well-being. Solid social support was crucial, improving lifestyle habits and resilience through support groups. Thus, Lifestyle Medicine plays a vital role in the management of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of a holistic approach to treating Hashimoto's thyroiditis, going beyond medication. Healthcare professionals must integrate these Lifestyle Medicine interventions into care, optimizing clinical outcomes and quality of life. Furthermore, more research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying these interventions and develop personalized protocols to meet each patient's specific needs.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Mariana Cordeiro Neves Cavalcanti
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