Revisión narrativa: la relación entre la salud de los ecosistemas naturales y la salud humana
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61661/congresso.cbmev.7.2024.123Palabras clave:
salud planetaria, medicina de estilo de vida, Enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, calentamiento global, cambio climáticoResumen
Introducción: Las Enfermedades Crónicas No Transmisibles (ENT), responsables del 70% de todas las muertes en el mundo, son desencadenadas por el entorno social, cultural y ambiental en el que se inserta cada individuo. En este contexto, se creó el concepto "Salud Planetaria" para resaltar la interdependencia entre la salud de los ecosistemas naturales y la salud humana, por lo que muchos países defienden este término como el séptimo pilar de la Medicina del Estilo de Vida (MEV). Objetivos: Esclarecer el impacto que causan los cambios en la Salud Planetaria en los pilares del MEV y el desarrollo de las ENT. Metodología: Esta es una revisión narrativa en la que se buscaron las siguientes palabras en PubMed: ‘Noncommunicable Diseases’ AND ‘climate cambiar'; “medicina del estilo de vida” Y “cambio climático”; “medicina del estilo de vida” Y “salud planetaria”. Los criterios de exclusión fueron: estudios publicados hace más de 6 años, artículos no escritos en inglés, artículos de opinión personal y estudios que no incluyeran MEV y/o ENT y Salud Planetaria en un mismo artículo. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 38 artículos, los cuales demostraron que todos los pilares son impactados de alguna manera por los cambios en la Salud Planetaria. La mayor concentración de dióxido de carbono, por ejemplo, además de impactar en el “control de tóxicos”, también impide unas pautas dietéticas adecuadas al provocar una reducción en la cantidad de proteínas en los cereales. El ruido procedente de la contaminación acústica empeora la calidad del sueño y está relacionado con las pesadillas. Además de la alimentación y el sueño, también se produce una caída de la actividad física debido a las altas temperaturas. Conclusión: El estudio concluye una relación clara del impacto de la Salud Planetaria en todos los pilares de MEV. Por tanto, es necesaria una mayor producción científica sobre qué cambios de comportamiento son necesarios para mejorar la salud planetaria. Con el fin de orientar a pacientes y profesionales de la salud sobre el tema para reducir el desarrollo de ENT.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Rafaela Veloci, Rodrigo Ernst, Mariana Fonseca de Lucena Miranda, Nancy Huang
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
El VI Congreso Brasileño de Medicina del Estilo de Vida permite que el(los) autor(es) mantenga(n) sus derechos de autor sin restricciones. Las publicaciones están bajo la licencia Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License - CC-BY
